E949 – Hydrogen
Packaging gasDescription
Technical Description: Produced by the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide, typically derived from industrial processes like ammonia production or natural gas processing. The process involves reacting carbon dioxide with hydrogen under high pressure and temperature in the presence of a catalyst (e.g., nickel).
Notes
Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe, though for food use it's typically produced through industrial processes. The most common method involves splitting water molecules using electricity (called electrolysis) or through a process called steam reforming, where steam reacts with natural gas or other hydrocarbons in the presence of a catalyst - a substance that speeds up chemical reactions. As a packaging gas, hydrogen helps preserve food by displacing oxygen and other gases that can cause spoilage. You'll find it used in modified atmosphere packaging for various products including some processed meats, baked goods, and packaged snacks. It helps extend shelf life by creating an environment that slows down the chemical reactions that lead to food deterioration. Hydrogen is completely natural and suitable for all dietary requirements including vegan, vegetarian, halal, and kosher diets. It's generally recognized as safe for food use and is used in very small quantities. Since hydrogen is lighter than air, any residual amounts in packaging typically dissipate quickly when packages are opened.