E310 – Propyl Gallate

Description

Antioxidant; ester formed from gallic acid and propanol

Risks

Notes

Propyl gallate is a synthetic antioxidant made by combining gallic acid (a natural compound found in plants like tea leaves and oak bark) with propanol, a type of alcohol. This chemical reaction creates what chemists call an "ester" - think of it as linking two molecules together to create a new compound with different properties than either original ingredient. This additive works as an antioxidant, meaning it prevents fats and oils in food from going rancid and developing unpleasant smells and flavors. You'll commonly find propyl gallate in processed foods that contain fats or oils and need a long shelf life, such as vegetable oils, margarine, snack foods like chips and crackers, processed meats, and some cosmetics and food packaging materials. Propyl gallate is a synthetic compound, not naturally occurring in this form, though it's derived from natural gallic acid. It's generally suitable for vegetarian and vegan diets since it doesn't come from animal sources. The additive is approved for use in many countries and is considered safe at the levels typically used in food, though some people prefer to limit synthetic additives in their diet.