E230 – Biphenyl / Diphenyl

Description

White crystalline solid with a distinct odor

Risks

Notes

Biphenyl is a synthetic chemical compound made by connecting two benzene rings together - imagine two hexagonal molecular structures linked side by side. It appears as white, crystalline flakes with a pleasant, slightly citrus-like smell. This compound is manufactured through industrial chemical processes, typically by heating benzene or through other petroleum-derived chemical reactions in specialized facilities. This additive serves as a fungicide and preservative, specifically designed to prevent mold and fungal growth on citrus fruits during storage and transport. You'll encounter biphenyl primarily on the peels of oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits, where it's applied as a post-harvest treatment. It's particularly common on citrus fruits that travel long distances or are stored for extended periods before reaching grocery stores. Biphenyl is a synthetic compound and is not suitable for organic food production. While it's approved for use on citrus peels in many countries, it's important to wash citrus fruits thoroughly before using the zest in cooking or baking, as the compound is meant to stay on the outer peel rather than penetrate the fruit flesh. The additive is considered safe at approved levels, but regulatory agencies continue to monitor its use, and some regions have restrictions on the maximum residue levels allowed.