E141 – Copper Complex of Chlorophyll
ColouringDescription
Dark green to blue-black powder or oily liquid, derived from chlorophyll by replacing magnesium with copper and removing the phytol group
Notes
E141 consists of copper complexes of chlorophylls, which are essentially modified versions of the green pigment naturally found in all plants. The process starts with extracting chlorophyll from green plants like grass, alfalfa, or spinach, then treating it with copper salts. This copper treatment replaces the magnesium naturally present in chlorophyll, creating a more stable green pigment that won't fade as easily when exposed to heat, light, or acidic conditions. This additive functions as a green food colouring agent, providing rich green to blue-green hues in various food products. You'll find it in green-coloured sweets, ice creams, beverages, soups, sauces, and some processed vegetables where manufacturers want to maintain or enhance the natural green colour. It's particularly useful in products that undergo heat processing, where natural chlorophyll might otherwise break down and lose its vibrant colour. While derived from natural plant sources, the copper modification process makes this a semi-synthetic additive. It's suitable for vegetarian and vegan diets and generally compatible with most religious dietary requirements. The copper content is typically very low and considered safe for consumption, though people with Wilson's disease (a rare condition affecting copper metabolism) should be cautious about copper-containing additives. It's widely approved for food use across most countries.